Structured System Analysis and Design Method (SSADM) Research Paper - 1

Structured System Analysis and Design Method (SSADM) - Research Paper Example SSADM is an implementation that particularly combines different school of thoughts postulated by different schools of development, authors and scholars (Hutchings, 2001). These schools of developments structure design projects into well defined and small activities and also give the sequence and interaction of these activities. SSADM also uses modeling techniques and diagrammatic techniques to specify structured definitions that can be easily comprehended by the developers as well as the system users (Chaffey, 1999). The SSADM is a method that is more structured and detailed and provides a better platform for the development of information systems. Due to its attributes the structured method has several advantages compared with other design and analysis methods (The Government of the Hong Kong special Region, 1998). Structured system analysis and design method always provides a requirements statement that is always clear and understandable. This provides a foundation for the analysis design and the implementation of the system. This is mainly achieved through the use of simple language and use of diagrammatic descriptions (E & E, 1988). This method also allows for more utilization of both experienced and inexperienced staff in an organization for the design process. All staff can be assigned various tasks and responsibilities with the inexperienced staff given the less demanding tasks and are guided by the experienced or expert staff (Hawryszkiewycz & Igor, 1995). Structured method also guarantees a more improved project planning and control. The breaking don of the project into phases enables division of labour and effective estimation of project duration and management. Errors and flows can also be easily identified and rectified before moving to the next stage (Hawryszkiewycz I. T., 1995). Better Quality systems. Comprehensive definition of system

University of hertfordshire objectives

University of hertfordshire objectives Abstract In this assignment project me discuss and construct a Management Strategy that considers the University of Hertfordshire financial and non financial behaviour. A major part of the project is to develop a strategy that could identify the complications at the management level. This model is for the University of Hertfordshire to review and discuss its vision and mission while keeping the objectives of the University in mind. The project will identify the key attributes and criteria fo reviewing the strategy. Moreover the project develops the mission, vision and measures to be notified and followed by the University by considering the organizations ethical, cultural, enviromnental, social and business background. It will help to proactively make good management and therefore reduce loss of revenue and market share. This ultimately will lead to improved communications locally as well as globally as well as greater returns. The Techniques will utilize the latest research techniques and co nsider Universitys corporate objectives and business rules. The process discussed in this assignment is called â€Å"Strategic Planning and Implementation†. Keywords- Strategy Management, Planning, Vision, Business Behavior and Research Techniques 1) Introduction In todays highly competetive environment (business), planning that is budget oriented or forecast based are not that efficient. The University must engage in Strategy Management Planning that clearly defines and assesses the objectives of the university and evaluates the progress of the university. Strategic management is a level of managerial activity under setting goals and over Tactics. Strategic management is closely related to the field of Organization Studies and provides overall direction to the enterprise. According to Arieu (2007), â€Å"there is strategic consistency when the actions of an organization are consistent with the expectations of management, and these in turn are with the market and the context.† â€Å"Strategic management is an ongoing process that evaluates and controls the business and the industries in which the company is involved; assesses its competitors and sets goals and strategies to meet all existing and potential competitors; and then reassesses each strategy annually or quarterly [i.e. regularly] to determine how it has been implemented and whether it has succeeded or needs replacement by a new strategy to meet changed circumstances, new technology, new competitors, a new economic environment., or a new social, financial, or political environment.† (Lamb, 1984:ix) The following definitions, when combined, characterize a comprehensive strategic planning process. Strategic planning is: a rational analysis of the opportunities offered by an environment and of strengths and weaknesses of the firm, and selection of a match (strategic) between the two which best satisfied the objective of the firm (Ansoff, 1976). the process of determining what an organization does, what it will do in the future, and how it will manage to do it. (Bryson, 1988). disciplined effort to produce fundamental decisions and actions that shape and guide an organization, what it does and why it does it (Bryson, 1988). the continuous process of making present entrepreneurial (risk-taking) decisions systematically and with the greatest knowledge of their futurity; organizing systematically the efforts needed to carry out these decisions; and measuring the results of these decisions against the expectations through organized, systematic feedback (Drucker, 1974). 1.1) Structure of the process- Management Strategy: Strategic Formulation would be the process of the following steps: Mission and Objectives What we want to become and what we aim to achieve. Principles The objectives and the commitments of the University that guide us. Environmental Scanning Factors like global, national and state contexts, education sector, various social and business trends, outcomes and gaps. Strategy Formulation- Strenghts to the opportunities identified and competetive advantage Strategy Implementation- Implementing: budget allocation, procedure. Evaluation and Control- Monitoring and Adjustments required. Developing the strategy would help the University to be acclaimed as International University recognised for innovative and original ideas and exploring and enriching those ideas to enrich individuals, their commitments and the environment. 1.2) Criteria for Reviewing Potential Options: In the delivery of the Universitys Vision, Mission and Aims, choices must be made on where to invest resources (including people, effort, money and infrastructure) to achieve strategic objectives and the associated benefits, and to minimise risk (Sue Hybart, 11 April 2006). The Universitys strategic planning cycle illustrates the process leading from setting strategic objective through option review to making choices upon which specific implementation plans are built. Establishing criterias for strategic investment looking across all areas of the University: Analysis of the System education and its implications Sustain national and international recognition for excellence and enterprise Promote ethical practice in education and research as an integral part of the University culture Maintain a leading research performance through outstanding scholarship,ground-breaking discovery, collaborative networks and commercialised outcomes. Strengthen and sustain a reputation for excellence in learning and teaching through innovation and quality student outcomes. Advance the Innovation Campus as a successful space for developing new ideas and applications through University-business partnerships Strengthen connections to the community through improved channels for interaction and mutually beneficial projects. According to Chan (1993), higher education institutions utilizing strategic planning have five characteristics: a shared and inspiring vision that defines an institutions identity and desired position in the marketplace; a well-done strategic framework that directs institutional energies and activities; an institutional commitment to enrich external environments throug manifesting its values; a widespread strategic thinking capability that prevails over a rigid, formal an centralized planning process; a supportive value system and climate that emphasizes participatory governance and empowers participants within the institution. Moreover there are certain key areas which need to be considered:- Assess the ease of realisation (closure of gap) based on: Distance between current position and aspiration, Investment (funding, time, and other resources) required to close gap on sustainable basis, consideration of market attractiveness and consideration of opportunity cost and risk assessment. Details of administrative support and link to the University. Modifications and support from the staff members. Working in collobatation for the university would act like as an useful tool and it would generate more help and a systemetic way of approach leading to better understanding of the management and their results and analysis. Moreover one of the important factor would be the involvement of the students in learning and their life at University. Moreover to achieve excellent, internationally recognised outcomes, the University should continue to focus more on promoting the ability, creativity, and commitment of the staff at the University. These criteria help in business and enterprise international outlook, and would help in learning and teaching research along with the practical experience and knowledge gained to students and the staff members. According to Mockler (1995) though strategy formulation is very central to understanding strategic management, it does not sufficiently provide a concrete direction for action. This can only be provided by strategy implementation. This view suggests that strategy implementation poses even more difficulties than strategy formulation. However, a basic framework can be derived to serve as a road map to strategy formulation (Mezias, Gringer and Gruth 2001; Hills and Jones 1995; Mockler 1995). 2) Vision, Mission, Objectives and Measures 2.1) PEST Analysis An environment in which the University operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors: Political: It would include various government regulations and legal issues and define various norms and rules under which University operates. It includes tax policies, employment benefits and laws, trade restrictions and tariffs, political coherence among the staff and the students and environmental regulations. Economic Factors: It would and affect the universitys cost allocation. Some key examples are economic growth, interest rates etc. Social Factors: Social factors includes the cultural and demographic aspects. These factors affect customer needs and the size of potential markets. Some factors include health consiousness, career attituded of the students, age distribution and class strength. Business and Technology factors- They can be very important as they may run the other factors. They can lower the barrier to entry, reduce minimum efficcient production levels, including: R and D activity, rate of technology change atc. 2.1.1 SWOT Analysis: Swot analysis helps in matching the resources and the capabilities to the external world in this competetive era. As dicussed on (http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/swot/), a firms strenght are its resources and capabilities that can be used as a basis for developing a competetive advantage.Examples include, strong names, cost advantage, and exclusive access to high grade natural resources. It can be determoined by SWOT matrix which is a very good indicator of the strengths, weakness, opportunities and threats (Bradford and Robert W. Duncan). 2.2 Vision and Mission: Starategy Management Plays into role if the Vision and the mission are defined within the constraints of the guidelines by the University and the Faculty. Vision- To become an international University that is recognised and known for originality, enterprise and its ethics in focussing, exploring, transfering and applying knowledge to enrich its students and the individuals, their communities and the environment. Mission- Our mission is to excel through Research and teaching of world-class innovative standard and impact,learning environment that supports, informs and inspires our diverse student community,Staff initiative, enthusiasm and commitment to the Universitys goals, Collaboration and enterprise that provide innovative and timely ideas and solutions for the University and its community partners (Mockler (1995)). University share a commitment to promoting and celebrating excellence through initiative, enterprise and achievements that take society forward in an intellectual way and the freedom for opinion. It is very important to maintain the integrity, mutual respect and collegiality among the University. Moreover Students from all over the world having different cultures, ideas should stand together for the development of the University. It is very important for the University to foresight the quality and accountability as an institution by mutual development and community partnership. Moreover equal monitoring plays a vital role where students from all over the world are studying. The University is commited to developing graduates who are informed, independent learners, problem solvers, effective communicators, and responsible towards the society and to themselves. 2.3) Objectives and Measures for evaluation: The university can and have set the goals and objectives as parameters for a progress towards the vision: 1. Excellence and innovation in learning and teaching Graduates equipped to contribute to society and the workplace An active, collaborative and flexible learning experience for students Quality programs relevant to the evolving needs of students and the community An international focus in learning and teaching High quality teaching 2. Excellence and innovation in research Research of high quality and impact at an international level Enhanced capacity to attract external grant funding Quality research student scholarship and training Strong partnerships with external organisations to achieve mutually beneficial research outcomes Enhanced capacity for commercial research and commercialisation of research outcomes 3. Dynamic engagement with our communities A University that is accessible, outward reaching and responsive to its communities Strong reciprocal relationships that enrich our communities Integration of community engagement in our academic activities Enhanced educational aspirations and higher education participation in our regions 4. Students engaged with learning and University life Students engaged as members of the University community Efficient and professional management of each phase of the student experience A social and physical environment where all students can participate in University life Effective communication between students and the University 5. A university of international outlook and achievement A community with a diverse and rewarding global perspective and culture A university of choice for international students International recognition for quality, standards and outcomes 6. Versatile, skilled and committed staff An adaptable workforce with skills aligned to strategic directions A supportive, rewarding and equitable work environment 7. Business capacity to advance the achievement of our Vision Decision-making based on sound planning, governance and quality processes Strategic deployment of resources and information A sustainable and reliable infrastructure Plan for the Implementation of the strategy In this section I would be decribing about all the 7 objectives mentioned in the last heading. Moreover I would be explaining the strategic priorities, key indicators of the performance and the plan which could help in the betterment of the University and its members. 3.1) Development and Creation of the strategy Goal 1 The University is committed to providing its diverse body of students with an engaging internationally oriented atmosphere and learning experience. The priority is to promote ethical education as a part of culture, maintaining the reputation of the University and ensuring that graduates and undergraduates are committed to their employers for their knowledge and skills attained at the University. Strategy Goal 1- University must integrate the development of Graduate into the curriculum at any level and standard. University should develop, focuss and implement institutional approaches for analysing the attainment of Graduate Qualities so that University can know what skills are their students gaining. University should continue to give priority to developing the capacity of students and embed the outcomes of the Academic Integrity Project. University must provide opportunities that equip students for employment in a global labour market. University should optimise the mix of delivery methods to enhance the learning experience of students across all teaching locations and facilities to provide a physical environment that is engaging, collaborative and flexible. An international focus would help them to develop their knowledge and skills lobally and would help them to compete in a larger scale. Key Indicators- Learning and Teaching Performance Student Perception Employer Perception International Recognition

The Sphinx of Giza Essay -- Egypt Symbol Pyramids Sphinx Essays

The Sphinx of Giza The Sphinx of Giza is a symbol that has represented the essence of Egypt for thousands of years. The body of a lion with the head of a king comes from the Egyptian culture symbolizing strength and wisdom. The sphinx is a carved out of the living rock. Egyptologists believe that the sphinx was built in 2500 BC in the fourth dynasty. From the north side the profile of the Sphinx reveals the proportion of the body to the head. It would appear as though the head is small in proportion to the body. Because of the changing desert terrain, the body of the Sphinx has been buried several times over the past several thousand years. Most recently in 1905, the sand has been cleared away to expose the magnitude and beauty of the entirety of the Sphinx.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sphinx is carved out of a single ridge of soft limestone 240 feet long and 66 feet high. The head was sculpted from the same stone, and the forepaws were separately made from blocks of limestone. The paws themselves are 50 feet long while the entire length is 150 feet . The head is 30 feet long and 14 feet wide. Because certain layers of the stone are softer than others, there is a high degree of erosion that has claimed the original detail of the carved figure.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The face of the Great Sphinx has been thought to be pharaoh Khafre's face Fascinatingly, the features of the face of the Sphinx has a far more striking resemblance to an older brother of Khafre, the Pharaoh Djedefre . Djedefre's short lived reign occurred just prior to the reign of Khafre. Originally it is believed that the Sphinx was painted and was quite colorful. Since then, the nose and beard have been broken away from . In between the paws of the Sphinx is a stela, now called the "Dream Stela" which is a stone slab placed vertically and inscribed with a story. The 18th Dynasty story tells of the time Thutmosis IV fell asleep under the Sphinx which was covered to the neck in sand. Thutmosis had a dream that the Sphinx spoke to him and promised that if he would free the Sphinx from the sand, Thutmosis would be destined to become king of Egypt. From Ancient Egypt ,astronomy and astrology play an inextricable part. Everything seems to have something to do with the stars, or at the very least have a close relation that is. The people who made it had the most extraordinary knowledge of the stars and the behavior o... ...hat culture and how similar it was to the older structure. The Luxor hotel and the sphinx in its entrance was built to show a different culture and theme from the rest of the hotels. Another reason why the Sphinx might have been built in Las Vegas, could be because both cities are deserts and that makes it a perfect place to build the Luxor and the Sphinx.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the whole, both monuments are very fascinating and have special characteristics. For example, the size and design of it, the body of a Lion and Face of a Pharaoh represents the strength and power of the ruler. Both of the monuments were built for different reasons but they still represent the same culture. The sphinx in Las Vegas was built for attraction and to represent the Sphinx in Giza and to signify the Egyptian culture. It was easy to compare the two because their so much a like, and at the same time have different purposes. Looking at a Sphinx at close range is an amazing experience. It is one of the most fascinating monuments you will ever look at, the size and magnificence of it will take your breath away. So, Whenever you get the chance to see such an amazing monument do not forget to take lots of pictures.

Othello

In the play Othello Ago states his anger towards Moor Othello to Ordering. His anger Is justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above him and Ago gives the notion that his wife had an affair with Othello. For these reasons Ago manipulated the people around him to the point where each could not tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws In their character in order to create success. Ago has always held a grudge towards Michael Cassia for stealing the Job he wanted.Michael Cassia has but one flaw that of which is drinking. At a party to honor the Moor's marriage and the victory of war Ago highlights this flaw. With the words â€Å"If I can fasten but one cup upon him, With that which he hath drunk tonight already†¦ (Shakespeare 45)† Ago gets Cassia drunk. Cassia Is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Email says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal It†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Toeholds wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are lust some of the flaws Ago exploited in his journey to get what he wanted. Getting Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Sago's plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love thee; But never more be officer of mine†¦ (Shakespeare 51)†. No longer is Cassia in the job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood.Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his Supposed' reined Ordering as well. Ago however says â€Å"Now whether he kill Cassia, Or Cassia him, or each do kill the other, Every way makes my gain†¦ (Shakespeare 97)†. This illustrates that he does not care which of them dies for either way he will gain success. In the end Sago's plan i s a success even after all the lies and manipulations have been brought to light. He managed to get all of his enemies killed except for the person he wanted from the very beginning: Michael Cassia.Who in the end of the play Othello would be in charge of the punishment imposed upon him. Ago prevailed by harboring what makes each person weak and then using that weakness against them. Othello By Muslim is Justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws in drunk. Cassia is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Emilie says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal it†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Othello wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are just some of the flaws Ago exploited in his Journey to get what he wanted. Gett ing Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Lagos plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love the Job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood. Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his ‘supposed' In the end Lagos plan is a success even after all the lies and manipulations have Othello In the play Othello Ago states his anger towards Moor Othello to Ordering. His anger Is justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above him and Ago gives the notion that his wife had an affair with Othello. For these reasons Ago manipulated the people around him to the point where each could not tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws In their character in order to create success. Ago has always held a grudge towards Michael Cassia for stealing the Job he wanted.Michael Cassia has but one flaw that of which is drinking. At a party to honor the Moor's marriage and the victory of war Ago highlights this flaw. With the words â€Å"If I can fasten but one cup upon him, With that which he hath drunk tonight already†¦ (Shakespeare 45)† Ago gets Cassia drunk. Cassia Is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Email says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal It†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Toeholds wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are lust some of the flaws Ago exploited in his journey to get what he wanted. Getting Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Sago's plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love thee; But never more be officer of mine†¦ (Shakespeare 51)†. No longer is Cassia in the job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood.Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his Supposed' reined Ordering as well. Ago however says â€Å"Now whether he kill Cassia, Or Cassia him, or each do kill the other, Every way makes my gain†¦ (Shakespeare 97)†. This illustrates that he does not care which of them dies for either way he will gain success. In the end Sago's plan i s a success even after all the lies and manipulations have been brought to light. He managed to get all of his enemies killed except for the person he wanted from the very beginning: Michael Cassia.Who in the end of the play Othello would be in charge of the punishment imposed upon him. Ago prevailed by harboring what makes each person weak and then using that weakness against them. Othello By Muslim is Justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws in drunk. Cassia is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Emilie says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal it†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Othello wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are just some of the flaws Ago exploited in his Journey to get what he wanted. Gett ing Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Lagos plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love the Job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood. Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his ‘supposed' In the end Lagos plan is a success even after all the lies and manipulations have Othello In the play Othello Ago states his anger towards Moor Othello to Ordering. His anger Is justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above him and Ago gives the notion that his wife had an affair with Othello. For these reasons Ago manipulated the people around him to the point where each could not tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws In their character in order to create success. Ago has always held a grudge towards Michael Cassia for stealing the Job he wanted.Michael Cassia has but one flaw that of which is drinking. At a party to honor the Moor's marriage and the victory of war Ago highlights this flaw. With the words â€Å"If I can fasten but one cup upon him, With that which he hath drunk tonight already†¦ (Shakespeare 45)† Ago gets Cassia drunk. Cassia Is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Email says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal It†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Toeholds wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are lust some of the flaws Ago exploited in his journey to get what he wanted. Getting Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Sago's plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love thee; But never more be officer of mine†¦ (Shakespeare 51)†. No longer is Cassia in the job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood.Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his Supposed' reined Ordering as well. Ago however says â€Å"Now whether he kill Cassia, Or Cassia him, or each do kill the other, Every way makes my gain†¦ (Shakespeare 97)†. This illustrates that he does not care which of them dies for either way he will gain success. In the end Sago's plan i s a success even after all the lies and manipulations have been brought to light. He managed to get all of his enemies killed except for the person he wanted from the very beginning: Michael Cassia.Who in the end of the play Othello would be in charge of the punishment imposed upon him. Ago prevailed by harboring what makes each person weak and then using that weakness against them. Othello By Muslim is Justified by Othello having promoted a man named Michael Cassia to a rank above tell the truth from the lies. Ago was able to solidify his web of deceit from flaws in drunk. Cassia is not the only person to have their flaws exploited. Ago uses his wife's flaws marriage and attraction to get control over her. Emilie says â€Å"My wayward husband hath a hundred times Who'd me to steal it†¦ Shakespeare 65)† as she steals token of love from Othello wife Desman that Othello had given her. These are just some of the flaws Ago exploited in his Journey to get what he wanted. Gett ing Cassia drunk led to him getting into a fight at the party with which Othello walked in on. Lagos plan gained success from this incidence by Othello words â€Å"l love the Job that Ago had been passed over for. But, this victory does not stop Ago; he desires blood. Although, he does not Just want Cassia to die but also his ‘supposed' In the end Lagos plan is a success even after all the lies and manipulations have

Case Analysis: Job Dissatisfaction and High Turnover

Case Analysis: The Treadway Tire Company: Job Dissatisfaction And High Turnover at The Lima Tire Plant Case Analysis Questions: 1. Briefly describe the situation today at the Lima Tire plant. 2. What is the relationship between line foremen at Treadway’s Lima Plant and other groups within the plant: general supervisors and area managers, top management, the union, hourly workers, each other? Why do you believe the relationships are as they are? 3. How do you feel line foreman feel about their jobs and why? Be specific about their sources of dissatisfaction.How engaged are the line foreman? How would they respond to Gallup’s 12 Questions of a Strong Workplace? Expand on your position. 4. What are the costs of turnover within the Lima plant? Direct? Indirect? How would you calculate the cost of turnover if you were Ashley Wall making a presentation to top management? (Hint: Look at number of hours worked per month, salary plus benefits, and how long it takes to come up to speed in the role) What is the magnitude of the turnover problem? formula for calculating the direct cost of turnover:Average Hours Worked/Month x Wage/Hour (including benefits) x Number of Months for Learning Curve x Productivity during Learning Curve x Number of Positions Turned Over = Direct Cost of Turnover 5. Discuss the elements of the current work system that are contributing to the problem. How does each negatively impact engagement and job satisfaction? 6. What action plan should Ashley Wall recommend? Be specific in describing your recommended actions. 7. What key lessons will you take away from this case relative to building an engaged work culture and being an effective manager?Analysis Q. 1]Treadway Tire’s Lima Plant is faced with a critical problem of employee dissatisfaction and high turnover among its line foremen. The turnover rate ran 46% in 2007. Additionally, the plant was facing skyrocketing raw materials costs and intense global competition. The plant, at Lima, Ohio, had 970 unionized hourly employees and 150 salaried employees. 50 Line foremen were floor level managers who supervised hourly employees. The plant operates 24Ãâ€"7, with four rotating shifts.Problems associated with the foremen are part of deeper concerns with workforce management and the role that these people play in the production process. The foremen are caught in the middle of an adversarial relationship between the union and management. Ashley Wall, Director of Human Resources at Lima plant, identified the cause of turnover as serious morale issues with line-foreman segment, and their job dissatisfaction. Turnover is one obvious area where plant could focus to reduce costs & increase productivity. Analysis Q. ]An employee satisfaction survey and exit interviews of departing foremen revealed significant discontent in the plant and highlighted concerns about the line-foreman position. Several other incidents highlighted tension between hourly workers and foremen . Foremen expressed concerns about their lack of authority and adversarial relations with the hourly workers. General supervisors, the next management level after line foremen, judge foremen by their ability to meet or exceed forecasts. Foremen express that a lot of expectations, are beyond their control and management does not understand that.Serious morale issues in the line foremen segment also lead to imperiled relations between management and the union. Serious morale issues in these relationships are apparent as every group feels isolated. Foremen were only expected to achieve production forecast. They were not communicated about long run goal or strategy. Be it foremen, hourly workers or upper management, they had not shared a common value-based work environment. Foremen often pulled in different, conflicting directions by management, workers and the union. They had no clear understanding of upper management expectations.They were not involved in the grievance committeeâ€⠄¢s ruling and disciplinary decisions. Hourly workers had trust issues with foremen. They did not understand what kind of authority and tools a foreman would require in meeting the objectives. Analysis Q. 3]Unequipped: Line foremen complained that they were placed on the job without any training and given no coaching once they got there. They felt disengaged on the job without the required skills and competencies. In a Lima Employee Survey, 96% foremen do not feel prepared to accomplish duties of their job.Little discretion dealing with employees: Union contracts dictated annual pay raises, & grievance procedures had not involved foremen. General supervisors appear to look favorably upon traditional management methods which tended to be adversarial. Career frustration: Few foremen, those were external hire, must have felt frustrated by their low potential for advancement as almost all of promoted positions at Lima were filled from within the plant. Isolated / not involved: Foremen h ad not felt recognized or connected. Foreman lack required authorities to perform assigned duties. 6% foremen felt the management is not sensitive to their problem. Although foremen’s job involved different duties, they do not feel engaged due to lack of communication with hourly employees as well as with upper management, conflicting situations and morale issues. Gallup’s 12 questions: Based on the current scenario, foremen’s responses would reflect their dissatisfaction and disengagement at work: Foremen would not agree to the Base Level questions. Due to conflicting management direction, they were not sure what is expected from them.Foremen would not agree they had required development tools, training and authorities to drive their work duties. They would not agree to Level 1 questions. They are expected to meet or exceed forecasts in their 12-shift but they also had to perform other administrative duties that had little to do with their daily deliverables. T hey expressed insensitivity of upper management in the survey where only 3% foremen see their supervisor is a positive role model. Their responses to Level 2 questions would also be alarming.Upper management had lack of communication with them and operated according to their own priorities and had unresponsive and unsupportive to the foremen. They were not involved in union grievance process and had lack of control over various tasks measured as their duties. Their responses to Level 3 questions would be concerning too, as illustrated in the employee survey where 68% foremen thought they had no opportunity for career progress. Due to lack of trainings, foremen felt their learning and development curve is not much forwarding. Analysis Q. ]Turnover costs are categorized as direct costs and indirect costs. Based on the research, referenced in the attachment, we considered employee benefit as 40% of the base remuneration; 4 months for new hires to become 100% productive and 50% producti vity during the period of learning curve for new hires. Based on the case study, average days worked in a month for line foremen was about 15 days, with 12-hour shift or workday, giving us 180 work hours; foremen’s hourly rate as $42 (including 40% benefits with current base rate of $30); Positions turned over in the current year is 23.Based on the cost model, provided in the questionnaire, direct turnover cost will be: 180 x $42 x 4 x 0. 50 x 23 = $347,760. Indirect turnover cost may include loss of productivity from other employees filling in for vacant position; hiring costs; administrative costs; training/induction costs etc. These costs are more difficult to quantify and assign a dollar figure to, but they are very real. Based on the references, provided in attachment, the indirect costs of turnover can be 2 to 5 times higher than direct costs.Taking an estimated figure of 2 times direct turnover cost, the indirect cost can be calculated as: $347,760 x 2 = $695,520 This will give us total turnover cost in Lima plant as: Direct Cost $347,760 + Indirect Cost $695,520 = $1,043,280. This calculation although not a comprehensive assessment of the cost of turnover, but it is a quick way to illustrate the fact that turnover is indeed expensive, even when looking at the most basic costs. We see that Lima plant could save $589,680 as annual turnover cost even if the turnover rate could be reduced to even 20%; that is twice the average turnover rate in manufacturing industry.Attachment provides a more detailed analysis of this saving*. Analysis Q. 5]Following key elements contributed negatively towards building a strong work force at Lima plant. These elements had resulted in unprepared, isolated and despair foremen that kept them from putting their best at work and provided dissatisfaction. 1. Lack of training: Many of the foremen are placed on the line after only a few hours’ training: â€Å"The general supervisors expect them to just sink or swim. † Foremen felt unmotivated by their lack of preparedness.Such lack of knowledge made commitment to the total organization difficult and enhanced feelings of dissatisfaction and disengagement towards the job. Ashley Wall initiated training program, was not considered a priority and removed from the budget. 2. Lack of communication: Much of the alienation felt by line foremen was due to the almost total lack of communications from other groups within Lima plant. Other departments operated separately, according to their own priorities and seemed unresponsive and unsupportive to the foremen. . Motivation and Development: General supervisors were not connected to their team. They had no understanding of where an individual will fit right or what area he is stronger in. Supervisors’ expectations from foremen had no intention of personal advancement of every foreman. 4. Support and Recognition: 94% foremen did not think their immediate supervisor is a role model. With this en vironment, foremen would not consider themselves as part of the company nor would they see any opportunity to advance themselves further. 5.Recruitment process: There was little evidence that interpersonal skills such as the ability to communicate, ability to delegate, ability to work well with others, etc. , were given much weight at all in the recruitment and screening process, the emphasis seemed to be on the task and short-term results rather than selecting best talent for the job. Analysis Q. 6]Action Plan 1. The training programs need to be a top priority and should provide new foremen with extensive, formal, and on-the-job training that can make them feel stronger while performing job duties.The benefits of the training program will outweigh the costs in reducing time for a foreman to work at 100% productivity and providing tools necessary to be successful on the job. Wall must provide Bellingham* with a cost-benefit analysis. 2. Instead of expecting lower level managers to m eet forecasts and control hourly employees, immediate supervisors should be more involved with the team and leadership should connect and communicate long term vision to help make their lower management feel involved. 3. Technological innovations should be introduced to reduce foremen’s efforts and operating costs.Pay for performance and other psychological rewards should be made available to help increase both productivity and employee engagement at work. 4. Human Resources should institute regular meetings with salaried work force & bring in representatives from every department to help make flexible organization structure and to discuss common issues, problems, and concerns. Lower management should also be given opportunity to express their opinions and proposed changes that may prove cost effective and high productive. . Balanced hiring policies should be adopted like the one proposed by Ashley Wall i. e. ; 60% internal hires, 30% college graduates, and 10% company transf ers. Then foster formal & informal interaction among foremen, by promoting the exchange of individual skills and competencies. Analysis Q. 7] Lessons Learned 1. Although high expectation from employees is an important key yet they should also be provided with required tools and trainings necessary to make them feel strong for the job.Based on individual employees’ talent at job, they should be provided with advance learning and development opportunities to advance their career and personal progress. 2. Employees should feel connected to the organization. This can be achieved by recognizing their work, rewarding their performance, develop them regularly, and continuously communicating with them to listen their concerns, appreciating their achievements and providing necessary help to increase their job satisfaction. 3.Management could incorrectly think about saving time and reducing cost by ignoring employees’ concerns and job related learning & development. On the contr ary, organization could save more by having satisfied employees that helps in reduced turnover cost and increased productivity. 4. Long organization hierarchy only creates isolated groups and lack of clear communication. Flat structure is necessary to improve communication and make strong connections. Attachment *Turnover cost saving by reducing turnover rate to 20%: Current turnover rate is 46% that resulted from 23 foremen turned over from total 50 hence 23/50 = 46%.As part of the 2007 edition of its Compensation Data Survey, CompData Surveys publishes 10. 2% as average turnover rate in the manufacturing industry. By the turnover cost presented above, it can be illustrated that if Treadway Lima plan could reduce turnover rate to a conservative 20% then cost savings will be $884,484 (Turnover reduced to 20%; 50 x 0. 20 = 10. 23 – 10 = 13 fewer foremen turning over. Using above mentioned costing model, and considering 13 positions turned over, Lima plant could save Direct Cos t $196,560 + Indirect Cost $393,120 = $589,680). Brandon Bellingham is the plant manager at Treadway’s Lima, Ohio Tire Plant. References: http://www. workforce. com/article/20000126/DEAR_WORKFORCE/301269997/idear-workforce-i-indirect-cost-of-turnover http://www. workplaceinfo. com. au/human-resources-management/hr-strategy/costs-of-employee-turnover http://www. jemperformance. com/Articles/highcostofturnover. htm http://www. beta. mmb. state. mn. us/doc/wfp/turnover. pdf http://www. compensationforce. com/2008/02/2007-turnover-r. html

WOOLWORTHS SUPPLY AND DEMAND N essays

WOOLWORTHS SUPPLY AND DEMAND N essays 2.3 The Management Team and Project Refresh 2 3 WOOLWORTHS SUPPLY AND DEMAND NETWORK 2 3.3 Vehicle Routing and Scheduling (VRS) and Order Fulfillment 5 3.3.1 Transport Management System (TMS) 5 3.3.2 Woolworths - Town Hall Outlet 5 4.1.2 Warehousing/Distribution Centre 6 4.2 Vehicle Routing and Scheduling (VRS) 7 7 APPENDIX....................................................................................... 10 APPENDIX I ORGANISATION STRUCTURE.......................................... 10 APPENDIX II STORE STRUCTURE...................................................... 11 APPENDIX III FACILITIES LOCATION.................................................. 12 APPENDIX IV OPERATION PROCESS OF DISTRIBUTION CENTRE............ 13 The new model of competition - supply chain compete, not companies (Christopher, 1999, p.30) is now a fairly entrenched business strategy. This paradigm, together with the belief that logistics is a core capability, enabling the company to gain and maintain competitive advantage (e.g., Stalk et al. 1992), is a potent strategy for a company to be one step ahead of the competition, given todays competitive pressures brought about by technological convergence. Using this framework, we chose to study a local and best practice company that embodies this concept - Woolworths Limited. The main objective of this paper, therefore, is to examine how Woolworths has designed and has implemented its logistics system to maintain its cost and service leadership in the food retail industry in Australia for years. However, studying a market leader has also several nuisances. For instance, although there is an overload of publicly available materials, most of these are sanitized. So to compensate this weakness, we are very fortunate to gain an insider peek of the company via an interview given to us by Mr. ...

Electric Guitar vs. Acoustic Guitar Essay Essays

Electric Guitar vs. Acoustic Guitar Essay Essays Electric Guitar vs. Acoustic Guitar Essay Paper Electric Guitar vs. Acoustic Guitar Essay Paper Acoustic guitar is type of guitar that uses acoustic method in projecting its sound. This sort of guitar is hollow and has a sound hole on its surface and largely they have six strings. They were most common in common people dances and laid-back vocals but their use has of tardily extended to blues and state music. Acoustic guitars are different from electric guitars in that the latter has more whistlings and bells than the former. In electric guitar. an amplifier is needed to project its sound whereas in acoustic guitars. merely a sound hole is needed in other words ; electric guitar requires electric power to play while acoustic guitar merely requires a sound hole. How do the two types of guitars compare and differ? This is what this research paper will chiefly concentrate on. Electric guitars harmonizing to Waring ( 2001 ; 112 ) were originally used in playing stone music but the first one to be used was in 1930 by a wind guitar player. Unlike in other merchandises where it is clear who invented them. in musical instruments is a bit different because it is non known who invented many of them but there are those who claim to be the one like Gibson who claims to hold invented an electric guitar. Most acoustic guitars have six strings but an electric 1 could hold even 12 strings. Unlike in an electric guitar where pickups that are connected to an amplifier are used to project the sound. it is different when it comes to acoustic guitar as where it the sound hole that is used to project the sound. Contrary to the electric guitar. ( Roth Arlen. 2002 ; 78 ) acoustic guitar is more complex both in its expression and in playing but one time you get used. it becomes an easy and gratifying thing. An electric guitar requires pickups to change over quivers that are made by the chords into an electric current. One of the advantages of utilizing this type of guitar is that the musical signals that are produced when one plays it could be altered electronically with some guitar effects such as deformation and reverb to accommodate your demands unlike in acoustic guitar where you have no pick apart from basking the preset sound which can non be altered electronically. ( Roth Arlen. 2002 ; 90 ) Whenever one intends to purchase a guitar. there are assorted factors that one should see but the most of import of these factors is whether you would be comfy with the sort of guitar you are meaning to purchase and the sort of music you want to play. The two types of guitars are used for playing music and are played with custodies nevertheless they differ in assorted ways. An electric guitar is much easier to play than acoustic and this is due to the manner it is designed. Electric guitar has strings that are near the stews thereby doing it easier to force the strings down without striving piece in acoustic guitar. you have to force the wires harder to the sound hole so that the produced sound would be amplified by the resonating chamber. In electric guitar there are pickups and an amplifier whose work is to better the quality of sound. ( Millard A. J. 2002 ) When it comes to comparing the size of the two guitars harmonizing to String Letter Publishing. ( 2000. 52 ) decidedly one finds that an electric guitar is smaller than acoustic guitar. This is because the latter requires heavier gauge strings that are used in doing quivers from its wooden top whereas an electric guitar has thinner wires and does non necessitate a broad top to do quivers as there are pickups that take the sound to the amplifier. The cervix of an electric guitar is besides thinner than that of the acoustic and for this ground. it is much easier to play an electric guitar because its design allows one to wrap custodies around it and allows one to place fingers in a manner that facilitates playing. Again when it comes to playing. one finds that an electric guitar is much easier toplay that the other 1. This is because the thin wires of an electric guitar do non necessitate to be pushed down harder than in acoustic guitar evidently novitiates who play acoustic guitar find themselves acquiring sores on their fingers unlike in electric 1s. An electric guitar could be played in different positions because you can keep it in many ways provided you are comfy but in acoustic you have no picks because the guitar is large. heavy and its high-strung organic structure makes it uncomfortable to play. When it comes to the monetary value of purchasing these guitars. their monetary value greatly differ in that an electric guitar costs twice the sum that acoustic guitar costs. The large difference in monetary value is because an electric guitar requires other appliances such as pickups. buttons and an amplifier that needs an excess sum of money but an acoustic guitar does non necessitate them. Therefore. if you don’t have a batch of money and you still want to play some music on your guitar so acoustic guitar is the best. ( Arlen R. . 2002. 98 ) Apart organize the monetary value. there are those who find electronic guitar to be confounding than acoustic guitar. They say that in the former you have to get the hang how to play its many buttons and bosss but the good thing about it is that you can non acquire sores on your fingers. Harmonizing to Cross ( 2008 ) . the two guitars play different functions in music because an electric guitar is largely used to play chords and guitar leads while acoustic guitar is used in thruming musical chords to many vocals. When people are make up ones minding what sort of a guitar they should purchase. they should non be guided by the form of the guitar but by the type of music that one intends to play for illustration. if you want to play stone music so the best pick is an electric guitar but if you want to thrum your favourite vocal you can travel for the acoustic guitar. ( Millard A. J. 2004. 34-38 ) Both the guitars are portable but one is more dependable than the other. If you want to travel bivouacing so acoustic guitar is the guitar you need. This is because an electric guitar requires electric power to play it but the other one don’t. You can merely transport your electric guitar if an lone if you are certain where you are traveling there is electric power because its amplifier can non work if there is no power. Another country where the two differ as per Roth Arlen ( 2002 ) is when it comes to the quality of the sound produced. Electric guitar produces better sound than acoustic. This is because electric guitars have adjustable pedals. cringle Stationss and buttons that improve the quality of the sound produced. Another good thing about this guitar is that you can maintain up with the times without purchasing a new guitar because its appliances can be replaced with more sophisticated 1s. ( Stringing Letter Publishing. 2000. 59 ) Acoustic merely like eclectic guitars come in different designs for illustration there are steel strings. classical guitar which has nylon strings and the lap steel guitar and in electric 1s we have acoustic electric that is modified with pickups alternatively of utilizing an excess mike. excavate bodied. solid bodied and another 1 with a metal organic structure. The two guitars have more differences than what they have in common. We have seen that an electric guitar is better than the other one but one should non be misled by the expressions of the guitar in fact it is the type of music you want to play and the ground for playing it should be the usher on the sort of guitar you need for illustration. if you want to entertain many people so an electric guitar is the best. An electric guitar is smaller than acoustic guitar but the latter is more portable than an electric guitar because it does non necessitate any electrical power. Plants Cited. Cross Dan. Electric vs. Acoustic Guitar. 2008. Accessed online at hypertext transfer protocol: //guitar. about. com/od/commonbeginnerquestions/a/rec_guitars. htm Millard A. J. The Electric Guitar: A History of an American Icon. JHU Press. 2004. Roth Arlen. Complete Acoustic Guitar: Complete Acoustic Guitar. Music Gross saless Group. 2002 Stringing Letter Publishing. Acoustic Guitar Owner’s Manual: The Complete Guide. Hal Leonard. 2000 Waring D. and Thomas D. R. Make Your Own Electric Guitar and Bass. Sterling Printing Company. 2001

A Kindergarten Lesson Plan for Teaching Non-Standard Measurement

A Kindergarten Lesson Plan for Teaching Non-Standard Measurement Class: Kindergarten Duration: One class period Key Vocabulary:Â  measure, length Objectives:Â  Students will use a non-standard measure (paper clips) to measure the length of several objects. Standards Met 1.MD.2. Express the length of an object as a whole number of length units, by laying multiple copies of a shorter object (the length unit end to end); understand that the length measurement of an object is the number of same-size length units that span it with no gaps or overlaps. Limit to contexts where the object being measured is spanned by a whole number of length units with no gaps or overlaps.​​​ Lesson Introduction Pose this question to students: I want to draw a big picture on this piece of paper. How can I figure out how big this piece of paper is? As students give you ideas, you can write them down on the board to possibly connect their ideas to the lesson of the day. If they are way off in their answers, you can guide them closer by saying things such as, Well, how does your family or the doctor figure out how big you are? Materials One inch paper clipsIndex cardsPieces of 8.5x11 paper for each studentPencilsTransparencyOverhead machine Step-By-Step Procedure Using the transparency, the index cards, and the paper clips, show students how to work end to end to find the length of an object. Place one paper clip next to another, and continue until you have measured the length of the card. Ask students to count out loud with you to find the number of paper clips that represents the length of the index card.Have a volunteer come up to the overhead machine and measure the width of the index card in paper clips. Have the class count out loud again to find the answer.If students don’t have paper clips already, pass them out. Also, pass out one sheet of paper to each student. In pairs or small groups, have them line up the paper clips so that they can measure the length of the piece of paper.Using the overhead and a piece of paper, have a volunteer show what they did to measure the length of the paper in paper clips and have the class count out loud again.Have the students try to measure the width of the paper on their own. Ask students wha t their answers are, and model for them again using the transparency if they arent able to come up with an answer that is close to eight paper clips. Have students list 10 objects in the classroom that they can measure with a partner. Write them on the board, students copy them down.In pairs, students should measure those objects.Compare answers as a class. Some students will be way off in their answer- recheck those as a class and review the end-to-end process of measuring with the paperclips. Homework and Assessment Students can take a small baggie of paperclips home and measure something at home. Or, they can draw a picture of themselves and measure their body in paper clips. Evaluation As students are working independently or in groups, measuring the classroom objects, walk around and see who is needing help with the non-standard measures. After they have had repeated experiences with measurement, choose five random objects in the classroom and have them measure those in small groups so that you can assess their understanding of the concept.

Journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 30

Journal - Assignment Example She was sometimes exposed to sex, and sometimes to sex abstinence, write Tasca et al. (110-119). It was in the second millennium BC that this condition started being studied as a disease in medicine with little scientific innovation. Theories proposed by Galen were the only scientific therapies that contributed to the study of this disease (Tasca et al. 110). In the 20th century, several studies were conducted to determine the risk factors for this disease so that actual solution could be reached. Hence, our views of female gender made the origin of this disease a wrong one, since we associated it with female weakness brought about by supernatural or demonological factors. This pseudo-scientific prejudice and our biased views regarding female gender misinterpreted and misunderstood this mental disorder, which is now considered as a proper mental illness that can be improved and corrected by proper therapies and

Writer's letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Writer's letter - Essay Example Here are my other experiences and the things that I have learnt from writing (Goldberg 45). I would categorize myself as a fiction writer and I enjoy reading fiction. Danielle Steel and Robert Ludlum are my favorite authors and they inspire my writing. I like Danielle Steel’s inclination to writing about friends and family and these have become important influences for me. Robert Ludlum’s tendency towards detective fiction is what I particularly admire about his writing. Essay is the other form that I like especially because of its efficiency in communicating ideas and the freedom it allows a writer in regards to diction, syntax, and content (Goldberg 46). Coursework and assignments make me to write severally in a week, but for pleasure, I write once in two weeks. I have not written for student publication and jobs but I intend to try writing a column in any of the student publications. I feel I have not been writing as much as I would wish because I would want to write daily. I seek to achieve this with the writing log I have developed. The log will help me detect when I am doing too little and when I need to slow down and invite feedback on my writing progress. My friends and tutors are the people who provide feedback on my writing and this feedback has been helpful in improving some my areas of weaknesses (Goldberg 47). Listening to some music in the background while I write is one of the writing rituals that I have developed. Music helps me counter the fright that comes with seeing a blank page in front me waiting for me to start writing. The rhythm of music soothes my mind and stimulates my creativity making ideas to flow logically. Music also helps me counter my disinterest for revision and rewriting. However, even without music and regardless of how daunting revision is to me, I reckon that it is a crucial aspect of my writing and one that

Types of Presentation Aids Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Types of Presentation Aids - Essay Example The use of pictures and sound can be communicated and remembered more effectively and efficiently than a speech or presentation without presentation aids. Presentation aids help the important parts of a presentation stand out. The selection of a presentation aid is based on the type of audience, the speech content, and the occasion where the presentation is being given. There are many different types of presentation aids like, objects, models, pictures, graphs, audio clips, videos clips, handouts, and multimedia clips. A presentation can include either one type of presentation aid or many different aids together. Using presentation aids can help make your presentation interesting and it also help you remember your key points easily. Pictures are a very effective presentation aid as it is easier to remember what you see than what you hear. Pictures are of different types such as, diagrams, maps, posters, graphs, pictograms, and the like. A picture can be a two-dimensional image of something or it can also be a schematic drawing that explains how something works. Pictures are best used hen a presentation is lengthy. The audience often looses interest and attentiveness when a presentation in long. The use of pictures can keep the audience engaged and help them remember the key ideas of the presentation. Diagrams, graphs, pictograms help the audience understand the concept of the presentation better. ... Statistical information can be presented much more effectively with the help of graphs, diagrams and charts than just through verbal communication. Pictures can brilliantly describe an event, scene, or object immediately. Using pictures as a presentation aid can also have its own disadvantages. If your picture is not clear and does not completely represent your concept, it can mislead the audience. If the pictures used are too complex and have too much information it does not serve the purpose of keeping the audience engaged, as the audience tend to loose interest if the picture shown is too complex. Also, it is important to have knowledge of graphs and charts when preparing a presentation using graphs or charts as a presentation aid, as it is necessary to use the right kind of chart or graph to present certain kind of data or it can misinform the audience. Another useful presentation aid is objects. Though the use if objects is not very common it is a very handy presentation aid. It is usually suitable for a science presentation or a presentation where the object is helpful in illustrating the actual subject of the speech or one of its main features. Objects can be inanimate or live things, for example, in a science presentation about the human body, a model of the human body can be used as a presentation aid to help the audience understand the presentation better. The use of objects as presentation aids can be advantageous when the topic of the presentation is complex and is difficult to explain just verbally. When an object is used in a presentation the audience is more attentive and engaged in what the speaker is saying as they see and hear the explanation at the same time. Objects also give a

Nursing Pharm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nursing Pharm - Essay Example maintain the desired anticoagulation effects, heparin must also be administered by intravenous infusion regulated by an infusion pump (Peterson et al., 2008). The therapeutic effect of heparin is appropriately measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) results. Since anticoagulation effects can be difficult to monitor because of individual differences in drug reaction (Smeltzer et al., 2010), aPTT is repeated more frequently in unstable and new clients to prevent complications due to under or over medication. Bed rest is one of the interventions to promote comfort in clients with DVT (Smeltzer et al., 2010). Furthermore, it is especially indicated to prevent the dislodgment of pre exiting thrombus into the bloodstream for high- risk clients. Aside from bed rest, careful elevation of the lower limbs is also helpful to prevent venous stasis and promote blood circulation. The use of infusion pumps maximizes safety measures in the client with DVT under heparin therapy (Peterson et al., 2008). In this case, the IV pump malfunctioned and resulted in the accidental administration of the drug in high dosages. Although the client does not show signs of bleeding initially, aPTT should be rechecked to determine the degree of possible adverse reactions. The drug administration should be discontinued temporarily to prevent further increase in drug level. Furthermore, protamine sulfate should be prepared as an antidote in case the client manifests excessive bleeding (Ignatavicius & Workman, 2010. The physician should also be notified

Strategic Analysis - Motorola Share Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Analysis - Motorola Share - Case Study Example The focus upon the customer has enabled the company to reinvent its organizational structure several times successfully over its history. From televisions and consumer electronics to microcomputers cellular phones and pagers, each time the company has been altered fundamentally, enabling Motorola to compete in different industries. In this manner Motorola’s competitive advantage has been sustainable. The company has created an organic organization design which enables the management to maintain the continuous process of innovation. By capitalizing upon this strength, Motorola has been able to develop a wide range of products and services ranging from wireless handsets and smartphones to wireless and wireline broadband solutions to end-to-end enterprise mobility solutions. This diverse product range has enabled the company to build brand reputation and customer loyalty in a wide range of industries. The diverse product range has also led to a sustainable competitive advantage s ince the company can maintain profitability by focusing upon other industries if the demand in one industry is affected. Another strength of the company is its organizational culture. It provides a positive environment for the employees so that they are satisfied in working for the company. This motivates them to strive for continuous improvement in productivity. As a result, Motorola has been able to achieve the highest standards of excellence in the industry. One of the weaknesses facing Motorola is that the management has not coped with complexity well as the organizational structure has evolved. This has had a negative impact upon decision making further affecting the management of its international network of subsidiaries, branches and companies. As a result the company has been facing declining sales. At a time when competition in the industry is high, Motorola needs to create an organizational structure that optimizes international management. However the management has yet t o take any action in this regard. The result is an inefficient organizational structure. Word count: 400. The current strategy of Motorola Given the high competition in the industry, Motorola has to create a sustainable competitive advantage. The current strategy of the company is to meet this long-term objective by capitalizing upon its core competencies. The important core competencies possessed by the company are brand management, supply chain management, mass production system and product development technology (Case study strategic analysis). The company is trying to combine these core competencies in an organizational structure which makes the company an attractive prospect for the stakeholders. Brand management enables the company to develop a strategic focus that makes the company very market and design driven (Motorola, 2006). In supply chain management, the company is able to develop an efficient system for inventory management and production scheduling. The mass productio n system saves costs and time and the product development technology has been built upon a standardized information system. These activities have led to a current strategy that takes into account social and environmental costs. Different stakeholders such as consumers, investors, nongovernmental organizations are demanding sustainable performances from the companies that they are investing in. If the products show poor environmental performance, then the company as a whole is not likely to have a

What do You expect will be The Character of the 21st Century Essay

What do You expect will be The Character of the 21st Century - Essay Example This has all come to be in the present century, and the damage all this groups have caused is visible. There exists examples of drug groups becoming successful because of the network type of organizational setting. ‘All these licit and illicit social groupings have in common the network form of organization—hallmarks of which include minimal central control and great connectivity’ (Of networks and nations, 1). All this illicit groups have grown to be successful and result to many misunderstandings and problems in the world because of the networking type of organization2. Though its undisputed that the network type of organization has made improvements in the world like in sectors such as human rights activists groups, they have done more damage than good. Despite the fact that it has a lot of negative effects, networks cannot be left out in the development of a country if it is to grow and rise in everything. The solution to all this is accepting hat we cannot liv e without networks and instead of using it to build more destruction to the country, we can use it for the wellbeing of society3. We can use it to build the economy and invent better ways of developing the country instead of looking at the present benefits while there lie deeper and long term damaging effects. An example is of America and how its network supports existence of nuclear weapons. They do not look at the long term effects hat state the fact that once this weapons are used on various countries, they are the ones who still use funds to help the affected countries. The short term effect is that the weapons help in case of an attack from any enemy while another fact is that other terrorism units will get hold of them and use them in causing a lot of destruction. All this point out to the fact that the 21st century is bound to have a lot of chaos at the turn at which everything is taking. John J. Mearsheim involves in the 21st century struggle for power amongst each other for various alleged reasons. He talks of the belief that most states who lead have great military power 4. Most states believe that once one is a super power, she must have some superficial powers that none can surpass; hence she cannot be attacked by any enemy at all. States aim at controlling all the wealth in the world and since they believe I the fact that power goes hand in hand with control, they struggle for the top slot in leadership. The issue about arsenal superiority is core in the struggle for the world’s to leadership slot. Most countries believe the fact that once they are the top country, they get the advantage of having enough resources of making the most superior weapons which prevent any threats of attack from any nations which grow to fear them5. Therefore, they get to protect their citizens very efficiently and comfortably. They also consider the fact that they will acquire most land once they rise to superiority; hence the fact that they end up fighting for the top slot of superiority. Having noted the importance with which nations in the 21st century take superiority, it is evident that they apply any skills to be at the top. Most of these methods are destructive; hence, end up causing confusion everywhere. The first method they consider fit to gain power is through war. Most countries believe that when they wage a war and win it, they gain superiority over all other nations. This was as the case during the cold war. The fact they fail to comprehend is the that when they w

Strategic Analysis - Motorola Share Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Strategic Analysis - Motorola Share - Case Study Example The focus upon the customer has enabled the company to reinvent its organizational structure several times successfully over its history. From televisions and consumer electronics to microcomputers cellular phones and pagers, each time the company has been altered fundamentally, enabling Motorola to compete in different industries. In this manner Motorola’s competitive advantage has been sustainable. The company has created an organic organization design which enables the management to maintain the continuous process of innovation. By capitalizing upon this strength, Motorola has been able to develop a wide range of products and services ranging from wireless handsets and smartphones to wireless and wireline broadband solutions to end-to-end enterprise mobility solutions. This diverse product range has enabled the company to build brand reputation and customer loyalty in a wide range of industries. The diverse product range has also led to a sustainable competitive advantage s ince the company can maintain profitability by focusing upon other industries if the demand in one industry is affected. Another strength of the company is its organizational culture. It provides a positive environment for the employees so that they are satisfied in working for the company. This motivates them to strive for continuous improvement in productivity. As a result, Motorola has been able to achieve the highest standards of excellence in the industry. One of the weaknesses facing Motorola is that the management has not coped with complexity well as the organizational structure has evolved. This has had a negative impact upon decision making further affecting the management of its international network of subsidiaries, branches and companies. As a result the company has been facing declining sales. At a time when competition in the industry is high, Motorola needs to create an organizational structure that optimizes international management. However the management has yet t o take any action in this regard. The result is an inefficient organizational structure. Word count: 400. The current strategy of Motorola Given the high competition in the industry, Motorola has to create a sustainable competitive advantage. The current strategy of the company is to meet this long-term objective by capitalizing upon its core competencies. The important core competencies possessed by the company are brand management, supply chain management, mass production system and product development technology (Case study strategic analysis). The company is trying to combine these core competencies in an organizational structure which makes the company an attractive prospect for the stakeholders. Brand management enables the company to develop a strategic focus that makes the company very market and design driven (Motorola, 2006). In supply chain management, the company is able to develop an efficient system for inventory management and production scheduling. The mass productio n system saves costs and time and the product development technology has been built upon a standardized information system. These activities have led to a current strategy that takes into account social and environmental costs. Different stakeholders such as consumers, investors, nongovernmental organizations are demanding sustainable performances from the companies that they are investing in. If the products show poor environmental performance, then the company as a whole is not likely to have a

Managment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

Managment - Essay Example Managers also need to draft a comprehensive time schedule over which the project implementation process will strictly follow. This will ensure that activities are all executed within the specified periods. This will also ensure that the project is completed within the set time schedule. Proper allocation of resources is also required, in planning, to ensure that workers are not pushed around departments in search for resources (Pinto 57). Proper allocation of resources, in a different department, will also ensure that different departments exist independently, but co-exist with other departments for mutual benefits. In addition, constant rewarding of workers is a necessity in improving their efficiency and performance. A functional organization, planning to transform into a supportive and interactive culture from adversarial culture, needs to consider a number of factors. In the first place, the organization should begin by setting up a corporate wide vision, which aims at motivating and uniting workers (Pinto 58). Secondly, they have to establish a punishment or reward system that is in accordance with their vision. Lastly, such firms need to formulate unambiguous policies that are in line with communication and authority (Pinto 59). This is significant in making fast and efficient

Analysis of Tractors and Tractor Engineering Features

Analysis of Tractors and Tractor Engineering Features Which tractor will serve you best? Contrary to popular belief, tractors are used in much more than agricultural work. Tractors are used in mowing, land-clearing, landscaping, construction, excavation, and livestock and industrial applications. Tractors come in 2-wheel drives, equal and unequal 4-wheel drives; with different types of tires and horsepower; and multifunctional attachments. These factors influence the tractors capabilities and price. Classifications of tractors Tractors are classified on the basis of engine power and drive: 2-wheel drive tractors: are best for mowing level fields and traversing long distances. 4-wheel drive tractors: are suitable for attaching loaders, and have the traction to work well on unleveled surfaces. They have a large share in the small and medium-sized tractor market and better resale value. Small range tractors: have an engine of less than 25 hp (horsepower). They work best on lawns. Middle range tractors: have engines of 25-60 hp and perform well in commercial applications, nurseries, and farms. Heavy range tractors: have engines of 65 hp and higher. They are suitable for heavy work such as tilling and baling. Tractors of 200 hp are usually seen in large commercial farms. Important characteristics of tractors The cost and applicability of tractors depends on these characteristics: Tires: Tractors have pneumatic tires (for traction in loose muddy fields), industrial tires (for heavy loading and mowing), and turf tires (for minimizing surface damage). Cabs: Though costly, enclosed cabs protect operators from extreme climates. Air conditioned cabs consume 3-4 hp and are suitable for middle and heavy range tractors only. Transmissions: Tractors can have manual transmission or the more expensive clutch-free hydraulic transmission that uses up some horsepower. Attachments: Tractors can have attachments attached to the back and front such as rakes, spreaders, grapples and harrows. The number and type of attachments is directly proportional to the tractors cost and horsepower. Fuel: Tractors run on unleaded or diesel fuel, or grain. Safety features: Tractors are bulky machines. Lights and flashers provide safety on road. Latest models are equipped with an operator presence switch that turns off the engine in the operators absence. Rollover protection structures (ROP) protect the operator from getting crushed in a rollover accident. Types of tractor attachments Attachments lend greater functionality to tractors. Most attachments use the power of the tractors engine to work through a power take-off (PTO) drive shaft. Common attachments include: Backhoe: for digging precise holes. Mowers: come in various types: rough cut and brush mowers for heavy work finish mowers for detailed work bush mowers to mow acreage side mowers to mow side ditches on roads Box blades: for scraping, leveling or grading soil. Buckets: for moving piles of rocks and soil. Plows and blowers: to move snow. Front-end loader: for leveling, carrying and loading. Services offered by tractor dealers Tractors are expensive and hardy machines that need constant maintenance. While many owners perform routine tasks such as replacing filters, changing oil, and greasing joints, dealers can also offer maintenance contracts for a small fee. In any case, dealers should provide a maintenance manual for the tractor and a basic demo of its functions. Dealers can offer financing options for purchasing tractors as they cost anywhere between $10,000 and $100,000. Attachments also cost a few thousands. A second hand tractor can be purchased at lower cost, but you should ensure it is in working order and comes with at least 1-2 months warranty. Some dealers may also have imported tractors that are sold semi-legally at cheap prices. However, spare parts are a major problem with these tractors and safety features may not meet standards. The dealer should have sufficient workforce to pick and repair your tractor in case of a fault or breakdown. They should have the necessary parts and attachments as and when required. You should compare quotes from multiple vendors before making your choice. Price and after-sale services are equally important.

The Storm Essay -- Essays Papers

The Storm The purpose of this paper is to analyze The Storm by Kate Chopin. In this paper we will look at the setting, atmosphere, plot, character, foreshadowing, symbolism and theme of this story. Setting and Atmosphere This story is set on a sultry afternoon in south Louisiana near Biloxi. The body of the story takes place in Calixta's home during a fierce summer storm. The atmosphere is charged with electricity and sexual tension caused by the storm and the unexpected arrival of Alcà ©e Laballià ¨re who Calixta had not seen very often since her marriage, and never alone. Plot and Character The main character of the story is Calixta a passionate young wife and mother. Calixta is a flat character because she is shown as a normal wife who has a brief passionate episode and then returns to being a normal wife and mother. We see that Calixta is a normal wife because she is performing normal household chores, she is furiously sewing in the beginning of the story and she had hung her husband Bobinà ´t's, Sunday clothes out to air. Her passionate nature is shown in the lines "fear in her liquid blue eyes had given place to a drowsy gleam that unconsciously betrayed a sensuous desire." (29) Her nature is further illustrated in the sentence which began "The generous abundance of her passion,"(29) this shows us that Calixta was a passionate woman. We then see Calixta's return to her roll of wife and mother because after the storm she was preparing supper when Bobinà ´t ...

Biomes Essay -- essays research papers

Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturia, meaning treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a nutrient pool. The two major nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is created by biological fixation, and phosphorus is created by precipitation. Tundra is separated into two types: arctic tundra and alpine tundra. The characteristics of the tundra are as follows: 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Extremely cold climate 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Low biotic diversity 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Simple vegetation structure 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Limitation of drainage 5.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Short season of growth and reproduction 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Large population oscillations Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere, encircling the North Pole and extending south to the Coniferous forests of the Taiga. The arctic is known for its cold, desert-like conditions. The growing season ranges from 50 to 60 days. The average winter temperature is -34 ° C (-30 ° F), but the average summer temperature is 3-12 ° C (37-54 ° F), which enables this biome to sustain life. Rainfall may vary in different regions of the arctic. Yearly precipitation, including mel...

Belief, Pain and Healing

Pain is a complex concept. No single perspective can fully encapsulate or explain how pain is generated, perceived and healed or taken away. Though one would usually think of a wound or sickness with the issue of pain, pain does not simply take into consideration the body, its parts and processes. Anyone would be familiar with phrases like â€Å"mind over body† and like phrases which take more than the isolated view on pain. As an attempt to explain pain, Ronald Melzack and P. D.Wall proposed the gate control theory which aims to explain the perception of pain in the psychological sense. Malzack and Wall developed the gate control theory which hypothesized that â€Å"there are special nerves that carry intense sensation to the spinal column† (Friedman, 2002, p. 91). However, these sensations do not simply travel directly to the brain as there is a â€Å"gate† controlled by signals from the brain. Hence, thoughts and feelings have an effect on pain perception.Anot her concept that plays upon the phrase â€Å"mind over body† is that of the Hawthorne effect. The Hawthorne effect occurs when attention influences a certain situation regardless of other factors (Friedman, 2002, p. 85). This concept is important for doctor-patient interaction because despite few and ineffective forms of treatment, a patient may experience positive effects when an attending physician caters to him or her. Finally, there is the placebo effect.Shapiro defines a placebo as â€Å"any therapy that is without specific activity for the condition being treated† (as cited in Friedman, 2002, p. 85). A placebo’s effects may either be psychological or psychophysiological. Placebos work upon an assumed or believed effect on one’s physical state by the said placebo to condition the mind of the individual taking it. Reference: †¢ Friedman, H. (2002). Health Psychology. Chapter 4: Belief, Pain and Healing (p. 85, 91) Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education

Toothpaste Research Proposal

DENTALCARE WHITENING TOOTH GEL RESEARCH PROPOSAL Table of contents: Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 3 Five The Pre-launch research is an important tool to manage and understand the impact of the market environment and the various other factors that decide the future of the product.When a product is launched, a research or analysis is required regarding the product functionality so as to estimate the benefits from the product and its attraction towards the consumer class or end users. A Product launch may prove a failure without any appropriate research or Pre-Product analysis. The following proposal is based on the research methodology implemented during the research proposal of a Tooth Gel. The current discussion will involve the describing of the various features and qualities of the Whitening Tooth Gel and also how to introduce the software in the competitive Oral Care market.We will al so discuss ways and measures that are taken to assure that the product reaches to every individual and they are benefitted with the product’s usage thereby bringing profits and goodwill to the organization. To summarize, the aim of this research proposal is to understand the market policy and strategy upon introduction of a new product. FIVE YEAR PLAN This Five year plan has been created by the founders of DENTALCARE to ensure a constant funding towards growth and to inform the employees of the company’s current status and direction.DENTALCARE with their CEO Mark Scott and the Marketing Director Thomas Lube is a new organization with high potential of providing exceptionally good products to its consumers and to capture on a big market share in the coming 5 years. They plan to start it with by introducing the product to the classes and then gradually reaching to the masses. The marketing environment has been very receptive to the firm’s great quality Tooth Gel a nd observing that, the firm can increase the promotion, distribution and production of its product in the coming years.DENTALCARE was founded by its two partners, Mr Mark Scott and Mr Thomas Lube around a year ago. Since then, both of the entrepreneurs have been studying and closely following the Oral Care market to understand the business strategies being implemented currently. They have also been keeping a close observation on the consumer behaviour towards a product and its changing approach on when and why to switch over to a different brand. Over the last few months, they have been working together to discover the ultimate Tooth Gel which will comply to the consumer expectations in every term i. e. uality, pricing and overall satisfaction. At present, Mr Mark Scott handles the position of the Chief Executive officer (CEO) and handles all the operations including R and D and Manufacturing whereas Mr Thomas Lube is the Marketing Director handling the Pre Product Projection in the market and Customer experience. Together they have come up with a new Tooth Gel called Whitening Tooth Gel and are ready to launch it in the Toothpaste/Gel market. DENTALCARE’s Whitening Tooth Gel comprises of 100% pure natural ingredients to provide complete Oral satisfaction and is an All-in-One solution to all the Dental and Oral problems.Major functions of this Tooth Gel are to prevent cavities, remove plaque and stains, fight against oral germs, strengthen enamel and teeth, prevent tartar, and provide long lasting fresh breath and much more. Ingredients like clove oil and mint give a really nice after brush experience that lasts longer. Moreover, the makers of this tooth gel have advised that the regular usage of this gel will reduce down the tooth decay by 65% in all age groups. The company has a dream to capture a big chunk of Oral Care Market share by introducing the product to both the classes and the masses.They aim for the product to be affordable by every individ ual and based on this expectation, their management have created a Plan that highlights their expected growth and sales number for the next 5 years. They do plan to introduce further new products once they have the consumer attention focused to their product. Below is their expected first Year revenue for their product Whitening Tooth Gel: Year One Expected Inputs|   | |   | 1. Expected Year One Revenue |   | | Whitening Tooth Gel| Annual revenue | AUD 300,000| |   | Total year one (noninterest) revenue| AUD 300,000|   | 2. Credit Loss Provision probability| 2%| |   | 3. Annual Taxation Rate| 24%| |   | Expected Growth Rate for the first 5 years: 3-7% UNDERSTANDING ISSUES This Tooth Gel research is based on a series of methods for conducting research in the corporate world. The Tooth Gel and Toothpaste market is captivated by various brands and their own mission statements. Famous brands among the consumers like Colgate, Oral-B, etc have a captivating hold on market du e to their own market strategy. Therefore, majority of them are successful to qualify the requirements of the customers.Whitening Tooth Gel has a strong focus on its objectives with those of its trade partners in an appropriate manner to maintain a healthy relationship. The Organization understands that the good results are produced when the process is rightly followed. Whitening Tooth Gel has also developed its company’s ethics and principle that relate to their consumer class. These guidelines provide a great impact in meeting business targets and is committed to its values thereby upholding its highest standards in maintaining customer relations.Whitening Tooth Gel is a new product by DENTALCARE in the current market. Hence the concern is that will a new product be able to grow and capture a significant share in the Oral Care Market. With proven results from pre-launch analysis, will it be easy enough capture the market once the results are seen on a real time basis i. e. response from the consumers. The company may emphasise on marketing research and analysis as to understand the consumer viewpoint on their buying strategy and behaviour towards a new consumer product. VALIDATING THE PROPOSED RESEARCHThe first question that arises is that how will a consumer respond to a new brand of an existing commodity in the market? When it comes to the purchasing, consumers often have an organized approach in what and when to buy. The company must come up with an innovative and almost perfect idea to strategize the marketing research when there are quite a few brands available in the similar product category. A thorough understanding of the consumer buying power and strategy is essential before launching the product. Thus the first task is to divert the consumer attention towards the product by advertising and promotional campaigning.Simultaneous emphasis has to be given to the consumer’s interest, requirements and their expectations from the product. Her e we see the implication of the Market research theory. Once sparked, the interest can lead to the beginning of a new relationship between the consumer and the company which becomes product driven. Once the decision is made by the consumer, it becomes a big responsibility of the manufacturing and research unit of the organization on keep up to the consumer’s expectations and sustains the consistency in delivering the best.The product distribution should be as good as its promotion and the product should be readily available to every individual. Product awareness is within the hands of the marketing and research procedures and largely contributes in providing the products to the majority of the masses. The consumers are not tied up with any contract with a certain brand. They stick to it as long as the brand sticks to its commitment. It’s easier to create a consumer relationship compared to maintaining it in future. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGNThis Methodology proced ure includes various sub categories such as phases, methods, technique task and tools. These sub-categories will highlight the following ways: * To introduce the new product in the existing market * To analyse and develop on the principles of methods and * To successfully validate it i. e. both scientifically and systematically. We followed Descriptive research process to analyse and understand the idea about the research proposal. The results however may vary depending upon a number of economical and ethical factors. The process helps a lot in enhancing the consumer feedback.Qualitative techniques can be performed on the selection of one brand over the other to obtain certain parameters which are of utmost importance in deciding for a Tooth Gel brand. Each key point can be utilized for further development of surveys. The research would most likely be a Brand equity research or Buyer behaviour research. Listed below are a few key questions to understand a consumer’s behaviour towards a newly launched product:. Questionnaire: 1) What Age group do you fall in? 2) Do you brush your teeth twice a day? 3) Are you branding conscious when it comes to buying? ) Why did you prefer Whitening Tooth Gel? 5) Are you satisfied with the product pricing when compared to the results produced? 6) Is there any room for improving the product thereby improving consumer experience? Listed below is the data of a few Blacktown residents who took part in the Sample survey by using Whitening Tooth Gel sample packs offered by DENTALCARE: Sample Frame: Residents of Blacktown NSW Sample Unit : Age Group 21-40 years Sample Size : 50 feedbacks Time Frame : 3-4 weeks Sampling Method: Random Survey. CONCLUSIONThe pre-launch analysis/research immensely contributed to understand the buying behaviour of consumer for their Toothpaste/Gel brands and also helped in understanding about the awareness among people on Oral health. Oral care is one of the most important factor in maintaining over all body health and people are very much aware about their product selection criteria. Different Toothpaste/Gel companies have a focus on the consumer class, their buying capability and their attitude towards preferring a Toothpaste/Gel brand over another and are working harder and smarter to attract more consumers by coming up with more improvements and innovation.The Pre Launch understanding of the Oral care market and the products available is the key result extracted from this research. This research has enabled the company to identify the key areas where the customer would focus when it comes to switching over to a new brand. This nature of customer shall help a lot for our Tooth Gel as Whitening Tooth Gel possesses all the qualities which customer want and is a perfect remedy for all kinds of dental issues. Simultaneously, Advertisements and Campaigning can be done in order to promote the product sales and inturn receiving better consumer experience.Since Dental awareness play s a vital role in overall fitness of human body, free dental check up camps and concessional services to elderly people can actually divert consumer attention towards a product that has already proven its worth on a real time experience. This will help in maintaining a healthy and long term relationship between an organization and the consumer class. References: 1) Australian Bureau of Statistics, viewed on 24th Nov 2012 : http://www. abs. gov. au/ 2) Toothpaste/ Gel, viewed on 24nd Nov 2012 http://www. herbalTooth Gel. et/ 3) Marketing Strategy Material, viewed on 24nd Nov 2012 http://futureobservatory. dyndns. org/2012. htm 4) QUCK MBA, viewed on 25th Nov 2012 http://www. quickmba. com/marketing/research/qdesign/ 5) StudyMode,viewedon2ndoct2012 http://www. studymode. com/essays/Tooth Gel-Marketing-Research-Proposal-800471. html? topic 6) Zeithaml, V. A. (1988): Consumer Perceptions of Pricing, Quality, and Value: Journal of Marketing, 52 (3) 7) Five Year Sample Marketing Plan refe rence from: www. iowacentral. edu/business/BCD/contests/MarketingPlan. doc